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- Buddhism gets its name from a man known by his followers as the Buddha, or the awaken one. He was born in a princely family in a region of Northern India that now lies in Southern Nepal.
- There are about 500 million Buddhists worldwide.
- Buddhism is based on the teachings of Siddharta Gautama, known as the Buddha. His basic teachings are The Four Noble Truths and The Noble Eightfold Path.
- The Four Noble Truths are:
- The Truth of Suffering: All is suffering.
- The Arising of Suffering: Suffering arises from desire and delusion.
- The Cessation of Suffering: Nirvana is the solution.
- The Truth of the Way: How to achieve Nirvana.
- The Noble Eightfold Path includes eight concepts that would lead to Nirvana. This path is often divided in three categories:
- Sila: moral conduct.
- Samadhi: mental concentration (meditation).
- Panna: wisdom.
- Buddhism has spread through two main schools or branches: Theravada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism.
- Theravada means “Doctrine of the Elders”. It’s the oldest of the surviving schools of Buddhism. It represents a conservative option and it maintains many of the practices and beliefs of the early followers of the Buddha.
- Mahayana means “The Great Vehicle”. It’s a reform movement that changes the content of Buddhist practice in profound ways. It is the greatest (with more practitioners) surviving school.
- Both the Theravada and Mahayana accept the Tripitakas (also known as Pali Canon) as their scriptures.
- The Mahayana also have the Mahayana Sutras, which they regard as more important than the Pali Canon. The Theravada finds these Sutras as irrelevant.
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